Process of dyeing on the fiber.



NITEDI STATES arn'r FFICEE.

BERNHARD HEYMANN, OF ELBERFELD, GERMANY, ASSIGN OR TO FARBEN- FABRIKEN OF ELBERFELD (30., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF DYEENG ON THE FIBER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 688,999, dated December 17, 1901. Application filed April 19, 1901-. Serial No. 56,615. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BERNHARD I-IEYMANN, doctor of philosophy, chemist, (assignor to the FARBENFABRIKEN on ELBERFELD Co. ,of New 3 York,) residing at Elberfeld, Germany, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes of Preparing New Sulfurized D yestuifs on the Fiber; and I hereby declare the following to be a clear and exact description 1b of my invention.

I have found that the so-called sulfu rized substantive coloring-matters, which are obtained by treating different aromatic compounds with sulfur and sulfids or polysulfids r of alkalies or the like, can be transformed into alkylated or alphylated substitution products when they are treated with alkylating agents. I point out distinctly that I intend to denote under the name alkylating agents as well 2) alkylating as alphylating agents.

The process is especially valuable for dyeing purposes. The materials dyed with sulfuriz'ed dyestuffs are subsequently treated'on the fiber with alkylating agents. For this 2 5 alkylation process such materials can be used which are directly dyed with sulfurized dyestuffs, or goods which after dyeing with these sulfurized dyestuffs are further oxidized on the fiber either by exposing them to the air while still Wet or by treating them with potassium bichromate or the like. The process of alkylation is carried out by handling the dyed goods for some time in a bath containing the alkylating agents. It is advisable to add to .35 the bath bodies with alkaline reaction, such as caustic-soda lye, sodium sulfid, or the like. By these means the tints are in most cases essentially changed and fastness to boiling is increased. Such alkylating agents can be 2 used as react in a neutral or an alkaline solution or suspension-as, for instance, ethyl loromid, benzyl chlorid, dimethyl sulfate, or the like. As the employment of these substances entails great inconveniences in dyeing on account of their volatility and small solubility in water, it is of great advantage to employ the same in the shape of their ammonium compounds, which are soluble in water and not volatile. The alkylation by means of these compounds takes place with a splitting olf of the tertiary base. Thus, for instance, on employing phenyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorid the same result is obtained as by means of benzyl chlorid, the tertiary base being split off during the process. Phenyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorid,which can be obtained by the action of benzyl chlorid on dimethylanilin, (described in the Berichtc der Deutschen Ohemischen Gescllschaft, Vol.

X, page 2,079,) has proved to be particularly 6o valuable for this process, because it reacts with the greatest case on the dyed goods. Chloroacetamid can also be employed with advantage as alkylating agent. It reacts also with great facility and is also easily soluble in hot Water.

The following examples may illustrate my new process:

Example I: The cotton dyed with ten per cent. of the dyestuff obtained from dinitro- .70 para-oxydiphenylamin (according to the process described in Letters Patent No. 610,541) and rinsed is introduced into a bath containing five per cent.of phenyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorid and temper cent. of causticsoda lye of 40 Baum. It is handled for an hour at a temperature of about cen ti grade. By these means the greenish-black shade of the goods burns slowly into a brilliant indigoblue, distinguished by its fastness to boiling. 80

Example II: The cotton dyed in the usual manner with ten per cent. of the same dyestuif which has been employed in Example I is rinsed and then introduced into a bath containing three per cent. of chloroacetamid. It is handled for a quarter of an hour at a ter perature of about centigrade. After having added two per cent. of crystallized sodium sullid it is further handled for a quarter of an hour at the same temperature. The dull 9o greenish-black shade of the cotton has turned during this operation into a brilliant reddish blue of great fastness.

The process proceeds in an analogous manner if other sulfnrized dyestuffs or other alkylating agents are employed. As I have above said, also such dyed goods can be employed on which the dyestuffs have been oxidzied aft-er dyeing.

Having now described my in vent-ion and in me In testimony whereof I have signed my name in the presence of two subscribing wt to nesses.

BERNHARD HEYMANN.

Witnesses:

OTTO KONIG, J. A. RITTEBSHAUS. 

